Diploma in Clinical Pathology Technician (2-Year)

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Diploma in Clinical Pathology Technician (2-Year)

🎓 Diploma in Clinical Pathology Technician (2-Year)

First Year Subjects

1. Human Anatomy & Physiology

Theory:

  • Introduction to human body: Levels of organization
  • Structure and function of:
    • Skeletal system
    • Muscular system
    • Cardiovascular system
    • Respiratory system
    • Digestive system
    • Urinary system
    • Nervous system
    • Endocrine system
    • Reproductive system
  • Blood composition and functions
  • Sense organs (eye, ear, nose, tongue, skin)

Practical:

  • Identification of organs using models
  • Study of blood pressure, pulse, temperature
  • Microscopy of tissues

2. General Pathology & Clinical Pathology

Theory:

  • Definitions: Health, disease, pathology, etiology
  • Cell injury, inflammation, necrosis, gangrene
  • Wound healing and repair
  • Degeneration and regeneration
  • Collection and preservation of clinical specimens
  • Physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of:
    • Urine
    • Stool
    • Sputum
    • CSF
    • Semen
    • Synovial and pleural fluids

Practical:

  • Urinalysis (physical, chemical, microscopic)
  • Stool examination (ova, cyst, parasites)
  • Semen analysis
  • CSF analysis
  • Sample collection procedures

3. Basic Biochemistry

Theory:

  • Introduction to biochemistry and lab safety
  • Carbohydrates: types, functions
  • Proteins: structure, functions
  • Lipids: classification and functions
  • Enzymes: functions and diagnostic importance
  • pH, buffer systems, acid-base balance

Practical:

  • Blood glucose estimation (manual & automated)
  • Protein and urea tests
  • pH testing
  • Use of colorimeter and spectrophotometer

4. Microbiology & Parasitology

Theory:

  • Introduction to microorganisms: Bacteria, viruses, fungi
  • Classification and structure of bacteria
  • Sterilization and disinfection
  • Immunity: types, immune response
  • Introduction to parasites: malaria, amoebiasis, etc.

Practical:

  • Gram staining, acid-fast staining
  • Culture media preparation
  • Identification of bacteria using microscopy
  • Detection of intestinal parasites in stool

5. Hematology

Theory:

  • Composition and function of blood
  • RBC, WBC, platelet structure and function
  • Hemoglobin and its estimation
  • Blood indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC)
  • Coagulation and bleeding disorders
  • Anticoagulants used in hematology

Practical:

  • Hemoglobin estimation (Sahli’s/Colorimetric method)
  • RBC, WBC, and platelet counts (manual)
  • Blood film preparation and staining
  • Differential leukocyte count (DLC)

6. Communication Skills & Medical Ethics

Theory:

  • Basics of communication: verbal & non-verbal
  • Patient interaction and behavior
  • Medical ethics and code of conduct
  • Confidentiality and consent
  • Biomedical waste disposal
  • Personal hygiene and infection control

Second Year Subjects

1. Clinical Biochemistry

Theory:

  • Liver function tests (LFT)
  • Renal function tests (RFT)
  • Blood sugar (FBS, PPBS, RBS)
  • Lipid profile: cholesterol, triglycerides
  • Serum electrolytes: Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, HCO₃⁻
  • Enzymes: ALT, AST, ALP, Amylase

Practical:

  • Performing LFT, RFT, lipid profiles
  • Use of semi-auto and fully auto analyzers
  • Preparation of reagents and quality control

2. Histopathology & Cytopathology

Theory:

  • Tissue processing: Fixation, dehydration, embedding
  • Microtomy: sectioning and slide preparation
  • Staining methods: Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E), PAS, etc.
  • Pap smear, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)
  • Cytology of fluids

Practical:

  • Fixing and embedding tissues
  • Operating microtome
  • Staining techniques (H&E)
  • Cytology smear preparation

3. Advanced Microbiology & Immunology

Theory:

  • Pathogenesis and diagnosis of infections (TB, HIV, Hepatitis)
  • Immune system: cells, organs, antigen-antibody reactions
  • Serological tests: ELISA, Widal, VDRL
  • Antibiotic sensitivity testing
  • Fungal and viral infections overview

Practical:

  • Culture techniques: streaking, incubation
  • Serological testing: Widal, VDRL
  • Identification of microbes from cultures
  • Sensitivity tests (antibiotic discs)

4. Blood Banking & Transfusion Medicine

Theory:

  • Blood group systems (ABO & Rh)
  • Cross-matching techniques
  • Blood component separation
  • Screening of donor blood (HIV, HBsAg, HCV)
  • Storage and preservation of blood
  • Transfusion reactions and their management

Practical:

  • Blood grouping (slide & tube method)
  • Cross matching (major & minor)
  • Screening donor blood for TTIs
  • Operation of centrifuge for component separation

5. Clinical Pathology (Special Fluids)

Theory:

  • Physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of:
    • Pleural fluid
    • Peritoneal fluid
    • Synovial fluid
    • CSF
    • Semen
  • Importance in disease diagnosis
  • Reporting and reference ranges

Practical:

  • Collection & handling of body fluids
  • Microscopic examination (cells, crystals, organisms)
  • Sperm motility and morphology
  • Total and differential cell counts in fluids

6. Internship / Project Work

  • Duration: Minimum 3 months
  • Rotations in: Clinical Pathology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Hematology, Histopathology
  • Training Focus:
    • Routine lab work
    • Sample processing
    • Reporting under supervision
  • Logbook Maintenance: Mandatory
  • Final Viva/Presentation: Based on project or internship experience

 

 

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